FPSO结构专业重要性及PG预制:建造过程要点
结构是整个上部模块的基本专业,是整个上部模块的骨骼和根。 FPSO海事运营环境非常苛刻,设计生活已经25 - 35年了。因此,考虑到准确性,完整性,可靠性和结构的耐用性需要渗透到整个施工过程中。除了焊接每个人都非常关注的焊接外,规模和准确性控制还值得关注的重点。
1。Bannong(PG)预制:
根据甲板施工计划的预制顺序,在大量时间的情况下,可以在相同批次的喂食和预制的相同批次中安排相同的不同模块规格。
在PG梁组件工作之前,应提前准备切割材料,并应提前进行坡度的后角。
在没有专业PG梁安装的焊接机的情况下,应使用专门的工作台来提高PG光束组件的焊接效率,并应使用自制埋入的电弧焊接机(倾斜22.5)来提高便利性和稳定性焊接。应使用多种焊接来减少腹部两侧的热变形。


1。对话控制:
①焊接收缩
通常通过经验判断焊接率(单位长度焊接后的单位长度的长度/原始长度)来判断的参考元素。根据过去的经验数据,在各种链接中测量并记录了第一批组件,并实现了校正的数据。
②,热变形和校正
PG梁的焊接后,焊接的变形在所有方向上,例如:收集面板,整体弯曲,腹部在面板上倾斜。这些变形在相关规格和标准中具有公差范围的要求,例如EEMUA158,如下所示:

寒冷学校和烟花烟花有两种类型的变形校正。这两种方法可以合并以达到技术标准。
请注意使用面板平板机和工件表面清洁的寒冷学校清洁。硬物体的杂质不应出现在滚筒表面上,以避免粉碎木材。扁平化后,检查表面机械损伤并修复。
烟花校正操作应遵循一般要求,温度不得太高,以免引起钢的钢的厚度以及韧性的韧性和水晶世界的局部氧化,即钢表面的表面。变成坚硬而酥脆。以上结果直接影响材料的机械性能,无法预测后果。
③,最终形式和平衡
结合整体组件图片和单件图,以确定PG梁端的形式;应确认斜坡的斜率,上焊接的孔,完成端(密封),平衡的长度和方向,板的识别PG梁的识别。
2。焊接
在焊接之前,应确定组装差距以满足WPS并考虑收缩。
焊接材料控制完全与焊接材料存储,使用和撤退等程序完全一致。
应根据焊接计划实施预热,定位焊接和正式焊接参数。 QC检查应随时进行检查,以严格控制热输入体积。
腹部和面板的多重焊接应在两侧进行焊接,并且在焊接过程中应反复翻转梁。减少任何一侧的垂直变形。
如果末端的末端超过了焊接,则需要在电弧焊接过程中保留一定的长度,并使用手工焊接焊接焊接,以确保手动焊接的最小焊接长度符合标准。
3。安全
PG光束预制过程集中于安全危害的隐藏危险,组件翻转操作以及存储期间的反能措措施。悬挂行动;根据遵循各种起重类型的安全要求,您应该特别注意检查悬挂绳的磨损。悬挂时,确定了钢丝绳的角度,固定装置的规格,对手操作的资格的主要检查以及指挥官的资格和指挥官的资格。物品。
反理论措施:
当PG Liang暂时放置并存储以进行检查时,地面上地面上的大部分胃垂直将导致高重心。有倾销和滚动的风险。可以采用以下方法避免:
一个。使用脚手架和扣子连接相邻的PG梁以形成整体防止倾倒。 (仅适用于无家庭作业的操作)


b。使用工作星作为临时辅助支撑,您可以夹紧腹部的末端。工件腿可以增加支撑长度,从而增加翻转所需的扭矩。 (适用于存储和操作)

C.使用旧钢作为“枕头木”。将其放在PG梁上。按下焊接“ L”代码板以按面板的机翼边缘,并且两侧至少两对对称安装。该方法可能会在机翼边缘引起电弧损伤和机械损伤。注意发布测试。 (适用于存储进行检查)

两个,节点预制
节点结构应用于某些结构梁的主要结构梁,以在各个方向上连接主要的结构梁。上柱和下柱连接到两层甲板。这是一个集中的结构。它具有较高的结构强度要求,高尺寸要求,高钢等级,结构化结构,结构化结构密集布局的特征。
1。生产计划:像PG梁的预制一样,您需要根据甲板生产计划来安排预制订单。
2。所有节点均根据形式进行分类,该形式区分了不同形式的节点的微小差异,例如:厚板,材料,是否针对性能,焊接形式,等等。
3.设计适当的装配辅助工人并制定合理的装配顺序。确保首选完整熔化焊缝的操作,以免施加焊接并增加焊接孔,甚至取下焊接组件。考虑到近一半位置的角,其他焊接脚/Yu Gao提前干扰以减少焊接孔。


4.考虑组装过程中的焊接收缩率,以确定适当的组装缝隙,以确保焊接后的高度满足公差要求。
5。如果节点面板的边缘连接到结构梁,则如果存在厚度差,则通常大于4mm,可以根据项目的要求在厚度方向上切割一定百分比的倾斜过渡。注意过渡表面的方向。通常,上板的下表面和底部板的上表面是过渡表面,以确保表面平坦。
6。变形控制和校正:在焊接之前,必要的临时临时加固必要的临时加固,以抵抗焊接应力引起的变形,以及焊接后的火力校正。
7。检查:在焊接之前,检查组件的材料规格和等级,组装尺寸,定位焊接成型,专注于仅检查单个侧面焊接的完整焊接接头,并在底部焊接过程中监视焊接材料和焊机过程。 ,参数,等。
8。调用分布:完成测试后的节点可以考虑保护和防锈措施抵御结构梁连接器的可行性,以提高后方过程的效率。根据属于节点的甲板甲板,并在分发过程中一次提供所有节点,以确保随后的甲板生产过程的连贯性。
第三,甲板的预制
模块甲板的结构相对简单,整体技术难度也不高。根据宏观形态:煎饼和上层建筑,它分为两类。基础件是由大型PG梁和缝线制成的机柜结构。通常,表面被甲板覆盖。上层结构由小部分PG梁或成品H形钢组成。技术重点和困难在于大小和变形控制。
煎饼(煎饼)预制过程和要点:

1。放垫
①考虑垫板的高度考虑各种专业的坐骑以支撑固定的安装,以便甲板和地面具有足够的高度空间。同时,它也应考虑到结构性预制过程。是时候依靠辅助站站立平台了。如果可能的话,您可以在结构完成基本完成之后进行顶级升级,而无需考虑预设置的空间,并使用更高的码头辅助码头为预装的支架创造空间。在开始确定最理想的填充计划之前,需要考虑许多因素。

②,垫子码头水平:考虑到未来的焊接应力导致四个角向四个角上升,码头水平的高和低形式可以是前跨的。高度差是光束的弹性极限。
2。主梁安装,框架形成
①将框架的垂直和水平成分的连续和非连续方向分开,首先是连续方向的结构的主梁。 (fpsotopside是水平连续的,即肋骨上的连续结构)如果在处理设计中添加了附加的接缝,则应将整个长度进行形成。在此阶段,我们应该特别注意抗官员措施的使用和检查。

②安装非连续方向(垂直)的主要结构梁。悬挂在适当的位置后,调整尺寸,调节每个横点横点处的组件间隙,并根据每个跨度的两个接头添加缩小量。

③主结构框架的组件已完成,以形成垂直和水平的框架结构,并且在焊接启动之前进行尺寸测量。学校核,水平,对角线,直线等的大小。
④焊接:请注意影响焊接顺序,热输入量等的整体大小和局部变形的因素。应遵循焊接顺序:焊接后首先焊接的顺序,从中心到中心扩散的顺序环境。对于每个交叉横断点的四个角焊接,应同时使用对角线焊接。对于第一个甲板,可以保留中轴,这相当于将甲板的焊接从中间划分为两个部分,并根据上述原理进行焊接,以防止在敷料阶段焊接和收缩焊接阶段的焊接和收缩。如果数量误差太大,则可以在中间调整整体尺寸。
3。在此过程中的维度监视
焊接主梁后,应测量跨度并与预焊接数据进行比较。同时,测量四个角的水平数据,以查看由于焊接向上趋势而导致的码头点是否被悬挂。应及时调整块的高度,以使光束足够。无论水平或跨度尺寸如何,我们都应考虑以后甲板的额外焊接以及烟花校正引起的进一步收缩和变形。
4。两个级结构
第二个类别的结构基于垂直和水平网格的主要结构和成分,其主要结构的主要结构是甲板的整体强度。通常,它是一个小的分布。安装时要注意以下内容:
①,水平和垂直,确保跨度。
②,在第二类梁的两端焊接了一个“ 1”代码板,以便悬挂时临时卡在主梁上。
③上表面的高度不应高于主梁的表面。
④第二类梁的横点关节的上端和主梁应从对角线角度恰当地切出。当效果用作焊接焊接的过焊孔时,将焊接为主结构梁和上层甲板板,以确保主结构焊接接缝的连续性,同时避免增加焊接孔的增加。 (除了打开处理设计以焊接孔外)
⑤第二类梁上焊接的原理与主梁相似,但是有必要考虑其焊接在主梁两侧两侧的主梁两侧的直线上的焊接影响,或仅在主梁侧的两种梁。做一些临时帮助以提前加强。

5。脱砂安装
①甲板可以在地面上预先形成几个较大的板。可以将接缝焊接在弧线的正和负面。面板完成后,进行外观和NDT测试。请注意,您不必对甲板平坦的最终检查要求,但是必须纠正本地焊缝的硬点变形。可以在面板的组装过程中处理扁平的大波浪形变形。
②甲板的安装应位于两侧,以确保两侧的定位尺寸,即形状大小和剩余量。首先焊接了两侧和结构,并安装了中间板。在焊接甲板之前,您应该注意将适当的重量块放在模块周围的表面上,以抵消焊接甲板产生的上升趋势的压力。焊接序列应用音高和焊接结构的接缝进行焊接。尽可能使用埋入的电弧焊接来提高形成率和资格率。
③在焊接两天后,焊接两天后,卸下所有重量块,并在自由状态下测量整个甲板的结构大小。交叉距离,水平和形状尺寸应与未来需要进行的甲板的篮板燃烧结合使用。将考虑和判断平面消防工作的更正工作,并将提供随后的消防人员的数据参考。
④,甲板烟花学校很平坦:严格遵循火焰校正计划。您可以首先燃烧部分焊接压力,然后检查所有位置的当地平坦度,然后转到高位置,然后专门操作烟火。根据需要的过程中的本地重量。
⑤甲板焊接和结束操作后,再次执行整体尺寸测量和检查。如果水平和形状为导向的对角线的大小,如果有超差异范围,则可以通过甲板表面和主梁再次通过局部烟花进行调整。

6。安装柱和斜支撑(电缆肌腱)

注意在甲板上的表面上安装柱:
①所有列应注意垂直性的要求。直接用甲板焊接的圆柱应注意甲板的负结构的连续性,上下对齐,避免放错位置。
②,连接到甲板的圆柱和电缆肌腱,连接板的焊接和NDT必须在安装组件之前有资格。
③色谱柱的焊接是单面焊接的。在焊接之前,请注意坡度的角度,并且间隙和其他差距完全满足WVPS要求,以提高焊接质量并减少维修。
④在甲板的预制阶段,无法最终焊接电缆肌腱。仅定位焊接或使用“ L”代码板修复。在用上层甲板关闭组装阶段后,调整角度会调节以定位尺寸。在此阶段,应安装坚实的临时支撑,以防止倾倒。

⑤应安装圆柱上端的连接板,仅定位焊接。像电缆肌腱一样,以确保固体定位焊接并使用电缆肌腱进行划线,直立柱的插槽已连接,并且连接板两侧的半圆形或1/4圆形柱子管不能预先 - 安装。分别交付。

⑥在悬挂圆柱的过程中,倾斜管悬挂和临时固定过程:支柱,斜支撑和其他管子组件应提升为垂直或倾斜状态。在确保安全的前提下,尽量不要尽可能多地使用临时的悬挂耳朵,并考虑在悬挂后考虑,钩子迅速而方便。您可以使用吊架装订方法来修复,并使用专业捆绑来制作地层状态中所需的管子。在提升过程中,使用风绳(滑动),然后在钩上卸载后快速松开。举起完成后,有必要使用临时工人或焊接支撑立即修复以防止倾倒。

7。设备基础和配件
①甲板的预制阶段,同时对设备底座进行了预制,但是安装工作只能考虑无需焊接的定位。在后期安装模块时,整个甲板的组合焊接工作将完成,设备底座将被确定,并检查和焊接尺寸。
②应原则上安装每个专业的附件的安装,并且需要安装的因素需要安装。
一个。最终尺寸(例如水平,高程和严格的要求),例如轨道梁,您可以进入连接器的安装和梁的安装。
b。在此阶段无法安装影响超高宽度和其他因素的影响的运输设备(SPMT)。
c。在后来的设备安装,在湿滑路线上的干扰组件也应在暂时未安装的等级中考虑。
8。释放涂层之前的最终检查结构的最终检查
该链接是对甲板预制结构的最终接收检查。原则上,应再次进行整个甲板的所有结构,以进行彻底检查以努力泄漏和填充。因此,此链接着重于完整性。检查所有组件列表和要安装的组件列表以及要安装的组件列表,并指示安装过程的原因。检查工作已被执行和接受,检查报告已完成。最后,研究并纠正了明显的缺陷和不必要的临时组件以及圆角R2MM遗漏的自由边缘。
上层甲板预制:
与基础甲板的预制相比,上层甲板表需要注意:
1。主结构主要由成品钢组成。钢端的钢端被切断喂食,超过焊缝和斜坡。此外,H形钢需要倒八个自由侧面的R2mm。手动角磨机的操作载荷将特别巨大。您可以考虑在圆形钢喂食阶段的角落使用气动倒角膜。

2。垂直和水平交点的主要结构由节点组件连接。您可以在一个方向上连接中间节点两侧的主梁以形成一个长光束,然后仍然遵循底部零件的组装顺序,跟随领导者,然后遵循第二个,然后是第二个,然后是第二个,然后是第二个。然后是第二个,然后是第二个,然后为了进行焊接操作。主结构是焊接的,并在测量大小后测量大小。特别是,将上层甲板使用的结构梁与下面的甲板板进行了比较。 “小部分” H形钢。总体刚度不如基础膜好,并且更容易产生整体变形。该结构提供了整个刚性。在整个焊接过程中,应跟踪和测量整体水平,正式程度和其他维度。
3。应考虑在预制的最后阶段考虑重要设备的基本区域的结构部分,以防止其他结构影响设备基础面积的大小。
4。对于在梁两侧焊接但不对称布局的组件,应注意的是,不对称焊接产生的拉伸应力将改变光束的直线。在上层甲板的预制中,这种情况将不仅仅是基础甲板表,并且在焊接前应更认真地确定它,并且预先采用控制措施,例如:反定性,反向和暂时加强。

第四,总是假装,携带,靠近
甲板的预制已经结束,绘画完成后,它进入了装配链接。在此阶段,主要的结构工作也称为携带和关闭,是悬挂和关闭嘴的组装焊接,大型设备基础的最终定位和焊接以及各种配件的安装。在组装阶段的早期阶段,应促进结构焊接,以完成其他专业或载体过程的交付。在后期安装附件,围绕射击的完整性进行了促进。该链接涉及大量三维交叉操作。多专业合作需要在建筑过程中全面考虑污染保护,破坏保护,人事安全隔离工作以及协调科学施工的制定。由于不合理的施工顺序,请尽量避免返工。本质
1。甲板平板电脑关闭
在甲板加工设计阶段,单层甲板平板电脑的整体形状大小对于工厂的建设条件或生产设备可能很大。它超过了工厂硬件的建设能力。该设备的限制将把甲板分为两个或更多小块。因此,在组装阶段,平面结合了链接。
①在关闭底部胶片之前,所有垫子应根据布码头地图布置。码头形式和压力需要计算和审查。检查码头上的表面水平水平,并准备各种厚度以调节垫子。
②将其中一个通过自旋转的模块化转运蛋白SPMT放置在适当的位置,检查位置是否调整了甲板底部表面之间的水平程度。测量闭嘴的大小,剩余的线路并删除平衡。甲板的另一侧也更靠近通过SPMT传输的定位侧。对位置进行罚款后,调整了插孔以调整插孔。
③将连接固定到使用代码板的CO -INLET的主要组件和次要组件,调整直线,未对准,维修和抛光坡度,并进行常规组装焊接操作。
④同时,上甲板片也可以放置在装配区域的底层附近,以使平面合并平面。上层应特别注意对转移转移运行过程中整体甲板整体变形的影响。在飞机结合结构的同时,也可以安排每个专业支架等附件进行安装。
2。模块配备(垂直关闭)
①悬挂前准备
在悬挂之前,您需要到达以下状态并准备:上层甲板板已关闭,并且焊接NDT检查有资格确认大型设备的下层安装;确保悬挂时可以成功定位:后者的下层伤口高度与残留量保持一致,准备斜率,以及在上层和下层之间连接的位置,形式为插头板也应达到连接的高度以处理斜率。由于插头板和电缆肌腱处于原始位置的原始点焊接状态,因此上部分的上层必须位于原始点焊接组件中。如果该点太大,则组件变形或定位焊接填充失败,并且应安装支撑工人在连接面板旁边(图22),这与连接板一样高度一致。


②,一起挂在一起
根据起诉方案,上层甲板将一个或多个起重机扁平。位置后,立即进行尺寸测量工作,以确保位置不好,并且在多个定位焊接固定后卸下钩子。
③焊接
按焊接顺序,首先焊接非连接板的扁平柱。连接插头板和NDT资格的焊接后,您可以在连接板的两侧安装半圆形支柱。首先安装一侧,而无需加强支持工人的支持,然后删除工作的另一侧。安装半圆管。 (请注意安装柱管以仔细检查墙壁的厚度以防止误差安装。检查组装过程中上下放置的位置的量,以确保在公差范围内。)同样,所有人的焊接工作关节端口的组件应作为对称的模块中心。
该模块始终是钥匙焊接接缝。应特别注意焊接质量,尤其是柱子和电缆肌腱,只能通过一个焊接焊接。它更加困难,缺陷回报更加困难。尤其是底部焊接以防止缺陷,否则维修将导致“创造性渗透”或“焊接渗透”。在焊接之前,请注意休息的角度,组装,预热要求,严格检查焊接付费质量,焊接过程中的防风,热量输入监控和其他任务必须在整个过程中通过全时间人员来跟踪。 TKY节点应严格按照AWS D1.1相关要求进行操作和检查。
④,尺寸控制和设备基础
在焊接过程中,在整个过程中进行了尺寸跟踪测量,包括层高度,高程,水平,位置,垂直支柱等,并进行最终尺寸检查和随后的检查以补充必要的火灾工作校正工作。
在焊接柱期间,可以同时进行设备基础在上层甲板上的安装和定位,但是预焊接的尺寸检查和识别过程必须放置在直立柱和大多数堆栈肋骨中。由于关节焊接,数据不会改变。以同样的方式,在焊接后测试甲板的尺寸测试后,还应进行焊接尺寸的尺寸检查。
整个模块上的单轨梁,双轨梁等,对尺寸控制的考虑与设备的底部相似。关键思想是要以最终状态的规模为指导。始终认为,甲板平板电脑的尺寸变化和整体模块始终在其上考虑。 Therefore, the general 10,000 needles are: During the prefabricated stage of the deck, the attachments such as the rail beam support can be installed first, so that the joints that can be adjusted with the adjustment of the entire module are stable and installed. The guidance policy of the equipment supplier should be referred to the equipment supplier, and the guidance policy of the equipment supplier should be determined in full.
5. Annex (installation) prefabricated installation
On the basis of meeting the construction and the construction of the figure, the prefabrication and installation process of the attachment shall be based on the principle of safety and practicality. When the design is not thorough or on -site, it is difficult to make some flexible modifications under the premise of ensuring the above principles. FPSO, which is served in Brazilian oil, should pay special attention to meet the requirements of the NB12 accessories on various channels.
1. railings
The prefabrication of the railings should focus on meeting the requirements of the height and horizontal range. The size of the height direction is mostly rigid regulations in specifications and standards, and the requirements need to be fully met. Special attention should be taken to consider the height difference between the welding surface and the surface of the standing surface. For example, the railing welding on the surface of the structural beam, and the standing surface of the station beside the railing has grille and fireproof coating layer, so that the actual use height of the railing is less than the prefabricated height. During the railing prefabricated process, the welding joint must prepare the slopes as required to ensure welding permeability. Otherwise, the welding strength is insufficient due to the smoothness of the weld seams and the insufficient welding strength will be reduced. The deformation during the prefabrication process should be adjusted after welding, horizontal and vertical. When the hot -dip galvanized zinc pores are opened, the layout of the hole should be scientific and reasonable. At the design level, the opening and blocking scheme should be determined at the design level, and the galvanized factory should be confirmed. Considering the convenience of painting and reducing the damage rate, the railing should be painted separately and installed in the assembly stage. The connecting plate of the enhanced tendon or side railing under the railing should be welded in the deck prefabricated stage and coated at the same time.
Pay attention to the installation of railing:
① Plan the temporary passage during the construction stage in advance. If the channel layout location needs to be installed, the passage position should be reserved, and the railing shall not be installed for the time being.
②, fixed railings, demolished railings, top installations, side installations, etc. should be distinguished to avoid mistakes and mistakes.
③ The maximum value of the two adjacent railing columns (the purpose of the anti -pendant), as well as the minimum distance (anti -clip handbage purpose) between the horizontal rod (support position) at the top of the railing (handle position) and any component on the outer side.
④ When the railing is installed, the interference that has not been considered or due to other components, such as pipe brackets, electric instrument brackets, and not strictly arranged interference in the installation of the design size. Standard and safety requirements to take into account beauty.
2. Ladder Road (straight ladder, diagonal ladder)
When the straight ladder prefabrication is installed, the places that need to be noticed are:
① The distance between each horizontal gear is strictly constructed according to the figure (generally 250mm-300mm).
② The position size of connecting the ladder legs) should be measured accurately to avoid being installed.
③ Divide the disassembly and non -demolition straight ladder. The opening position of the disassembly direct bolt hole needs to be measured accurately. If necessary, the prefabricated stage will not be opened. Install the site with diamonds.
④, the straight ladder with cage, cage formation, size, and installation position should be noted, especially the distance between the lower edge of the cage should be reviewed.
⑤ In the total installation stage of the module, the straight ladder should be installed as soon as possible, especially long ladders, to avoid the situation where the straight ladder cannot be cut off due to too densely the installation.
Pay attention to the pre -installation of oblique ladder:
① During prefabrication, the inclined angle of the oblique ladder should be accurately measured, and the mobility is horizontal in the use state.
② The effective step length requirements of the step board must be met.
③ The anti -slip form of the upper surface of the step board should meet the technical requirements and confirm whether there are marginal anti -sliding bars.
3. grille installation
The grille installation is generally starting in the post -assembly stage. The ideal state should be that all the installation facial paint and fire prevention layer (PFP) are completed, and the installation of various brackets is basically completed. In actual operation, it will often be renovated before the module is completed as a whole. It needs to be set off to set up the installed grille, and then restore it. In the grille installation There will be a large number of on -site modifications and rework, resulting in the extension of the construction cycle. Therefore, after the upper surface PFP work is basically completed, you can consider starting the grille installation. The idea is to have the conditions for paving as soon as possible, find the problem of interference modification as soon as possible, modify it as soon as possible, and make the psychological preparation of secondary installation.
Pay attention to the following aspects of grille installation:
① How to consider how to compensate the surface of the structure beam before installation before installation, the compensation plan should be formulated first.
② Safety management, grille installation is the construction of high risk coefficients. The work risk analysis (JSA) must be done in advance, and the safety education of personnel before construction is to prevent hidden dangers from preventing personnel from falling and crackdown on objects. Safety guarantee measures for the isolation and entry personnel in the operation area must be specially inspected.

③ The installer should be familiar with the construction process and technical requirements in advance. In each group, two people, novices need experienced workers to part with them and do a good job of technical confidence.
④ Pay attention to the direction of the grille during installation. The direction of the grille design support direction is consistent. The maximum spacing between the support beam below requires the support and reinforcement of the grille edge of the grille. If the request should not be met in time, the necessary support beam is added according to the standard.
⑤ After the grille is pre -laying a area, it should be fixed with a reliable ligation method in time, and the safety inspector should be submitted to the isolation in this area and delivered to use.
⑥ In the final adjustment of the operation, you will find a large number of grilles that need to be modified, and try to improve the necessary modification work once in the construction process. The amendment work is mainly for the following aspects:
一个。 Lack of necessary support.
b。 The gap between the grille gap between the grille gap and other components exceed the standard. The grille is adjusted or the shape size is required.
c。 The grille and other structural interference must be trimmed and edited by the grille.
d。 New open perforations or filling excess perforations at the same time, at the same time, should take into account the enclosure for a week.
When adjusting the grille adjustment, in addition to meeting various compulsory requirements, it is necessary to take into account factors that affect the aesthetics that affect the aesthetics.
⑦ After completing the adjustment, use the design method to finalize the final fixing. Both the mushroom nail or the fixed type of the card must be guaranteed to ensure the number and firmness of the fixed point.
6. Integrated loose parts
The land construction of the upper module is only a link of the overall construction of the FPSO. The module to complete the land construction needs to be integrated on the EPSO hull. Integrate multiple modules and connect with the hull, and perform subsequent functional debugging. The entire FPSO is made into a comprehensive maritime production storage oil unloading factory with a complete function.
When the upper module is integrated on the FPSO, the components connected between many modules and the components that affect the hanging of the module around the module cannot be installed during the module prefabrication stage.本质
The project construction engineer and design engineer shall cooperate with the integrated operation team to identify these bulk in advance, and form the list and eventually reflected in the processing design drawings. To avoid omissions or more, the extra work that needs to be temporarily demolished before hanging.
In response to the bulk parts that need to be prefabricated, you should fully consider the amount required for integrated installation and leave enough adjustment of the space.
The packaging of loose parts is fixed and transferred:
All bulk that needs to be handed in should be passed and packed on the spot. In principle, it should be placed nearby, especially those who cannot move in large components should be placed nearby to reduce the transfer of the integrated stage. All fixing must be firm and safe. After completing the fixed packaging, check the inspection according to the list one by one, make a good logo, and leave the bottom for easy transfer. For small parts that cannot be placed near the module, such as bolt pads such as bolts, they should be packed and delivered.
结论
As a key equipment for developing marine oil, the difficulty and construction requirements of FPSO are higher than general heavy work equipment. It can also reflect the industrial level of a country to a certain extent in design, construction and installation technology, and can also reflect the comprehensive strength of a country's marine engineering. my country's FPSO industry starts late, and it is necessary to admit that the gap with advanced countries, especially in the management of the EPC total package management. However, with the rapid progress of shipbuilding and marine equipment manufacturing industry, my country has become an important manufacturing base for global high -end maritime equipment. It has a number of world -renowned factories that can undertake FPSO upper modules and the power of the entire ship. It also provides a large number of peers in the industry. Employment opportunities.
During my employment, I participated in the construction of FPSO upper modules in the two famous sea industry manufacturing plants in North China. From their professional construction and quality management teams, they learned a lot of valuable experience. The article also quotes the illustrations in the technical documents compiled by some factories, which is hereby explained. As mentioned in the foreword, this article aims to refer to the follow -up work of the wooden provider.但由于经验浅薄及专业的限制,文中难免有不足或错误,望读者不吝指正。
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