施工质量及验收规范、施工规范等标准依据汇总

根据规格和标准：

(1)《钢结构工程施工质量及验收规范》GB50205

(2)《钢结构工程施工规范》GB50755

(3)《建设工程质量验收统一标准》GB50300

（四）《西安市建设工程见证抽样检验管理规定（试行）》（西安监制[2009]289号）

(5)《优质碳素结构钢》GB/T699

(6)《碳素结构钢》GB/T700

(7)《低合金高强度结构钢》GB/T1591

(8)《合金结构钢》GB/T3077

(9)《耐候结构钢》GB/T4171

(10)《钢板厚度方向性能》GB/T5313

(11《建筑结构用钢板》GB/T19879

(12)《钢板及钢带包装、标志和质量证明书的一般规定》GB/T247

(13)《冷轧钢板及钢带的尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差》

1 钢

1.1 文件检查：钢结构到达现场后、卸货前，首先应检查钢材证明材料。

2、外观检查：所有批次钢材进场时均应进行外观检查。检验内容包括规格、厚度、表面腐蚀情况。

3、钢材产品有下列情况之一的，应当抽样复验，复验结果应符合现行国家产品标准和设计要求。

国外进口钢材；

钢材混批；

板厚等于或大于40mm且按Z向性能要求设计的厚板；

建筑结构安全等级​​为一级，大跨度钢结构主要受力构件所用钢材；

设计有复验要求的钢材；

钢材质量有问题。

1.4 见证抽样

1.5 复验报告

2 焊材

2.1 文件检查：首先检查焊接材料的合格证书。

2、外观检查：所有批次的焊接材料进场时均应进行外观检查；

3、重要钢结构使用的焊接材料应进行抽样复验，复验结果应符合现行国家产品标准和设计要求。

建筑结构安全等级​​为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级焊缝。

建筑结构焊缝安全等级为二级。

大跨度结构中的一次焊缝。

重型起重机梁结构的一级焊缝。

设计要求。

2.4 复验报告

3.螺栓球

1 文件检查：检查产品的质量证明文件、中文标志及检验报告等。

2 外观检验：每个规格抽查5%，且不少于5个

3 重点检查：螺栓球不得过烧、裂纹、起皱。

1 H型钢构件加工工艺 箱型钢构件加工工艺

根据规格和标准：

(1)《钢结构工程施工规范》GB 50755；

(2)《钢结构焊接规范》GB 50661；

(3)《碳素结构钢》GB/T 700；

(4)《低合金高强度结构钢》GB/T 1591；

(5)《合金钢和细晶粒钢焊条》GB/T 5117；

(6)合金钢药芯焊丝》GB/T 17493；

(7)埋弧焊用碳钢焊丝及焊剂》GB/T 5293；

(8)金钢焊接件焊后热处理方法》JB/T 6046；

(9)缝纫手工超声波探伤方法及探伤结果分级》GB 11345。

2、放料、标记材料：检查钢板的牌号、厚度、表面质量，复验合格后，进行下一步加工。材料放样、编号应根据施工详图和工艺文件进行，并按要求预留余量。材料的放样和编号允许偏差符合有关规定。对板材进行编号时，基准线应选在距板材边缘10mm的位置进行标记。 （板材边缘有较多缺陷）

放样及放样允许偏差

2.1切割：钢材切割可采用气割、机械切割、等离子切割等方法。所选用的切割方法应符合工艺文件的要求。切割后的飞边、毛刺应清理干净。数控气割一般用于切割钢结构H型、箱型腹板的翼缘。切割前，根据板材的厚度选择割嘴及相关参数，并根据图纸尺寸调整割枪距离。切割板材时，应先将钢板预热，然后增加氧气量进行切割。

2.2矫正成型：矫正可采用机械矫正、加热矫正、加热与机械矫正联合等方法。机械纠偏是依靠机械滚筒的外力消除板面波浪变形等变形。火焰校正是通过对部件进行局部加热和冷却，然后将板材收缩来达到校正的目的。校正后钢材表面不应有明显的凹痕或损伤。划伤深度不应大于0.5mm，且不应大于钢材厚度允许负偏差的1/2。

2.3边缘处理：边缘处理可采用气割和机械加工方法。当边缘有特殊要求时应采用精密切割。焊缝坡口可采用气割、铲边、刨边等方式加工。根据设计要求和详细图纸对零件进行坡口、立铣刀。坡口的质量影响部件的焊接质量。

2.4管、球加工：用相贯线切割机制备直径50mm至600mm的管件。根据设计要求并考虑焊接收缩确定断杆长度。大于600mm的管件加工采用电脑放样或手工放样然后切割下料。管件加工流程如下：

1、螺栓球应采用GB/T699规定的45号圆钢热锻而成。加热温度应为1150~1250℃。终锻温度不应低于800℃。螺栓球不应有裂纹、皱纹和过烧现象。螺栓球的螺栓孔应采用专用车床或数控加工中心加工，螺纹应符合现行国家标准《通用螺纹公差》GB/T 197中规定的6H要求。

2焊接空心球分为无肋焊接空心球和有肋焊接空心球。应使用钢板将它们热压成半圆形球。加热温度应为1000~1100℃，经机加工、开槽后焊接成圆球。焊接后的成品球表面应光滑平整，无局部凸起或皱纹。

3. 部件组装

装配：翼缘板接头与焊接H型钢腹板接头的距离不应小于200mm。翼缘板拼接长度不应小于600mm；腹板拼接宽度不宜小于300mm，长度不宜小于600mm。

当无特殊设计要求时，热轧型钢应采用直缝全熔透焊进行拼接，拼接长度不应小于600mm。

箱形构件翼缘板和腹板的拼接长度不应小于其宽度的2倍，且不应小于600mm。翼缘板和腹板一般不宜沿宽度方向拼接。宽度超过2400mm的板材拼接时，最小宽度不应小于板材宽度的1/4。

钢管加长时，每段接头不应超过两个，且最短拼接长度应符合下列要求：

(1)当钢管直径D≤800mm时，不应小于600mm；

(2)当钢管直径D>800mm时，不应小于1000mm；

(3)轧制成型时，可采用多个接头，但最短接头长度应满足上述要求。

钢管加长时，相邻两纵向焊缝之间的最短弧长不应小于钢管壁厚的5倍，且不应小于80mm。

构件的拼接焊缝应符合设计要求。当设计无要求时，应满足全穿透等强连接要求。

2. 组装：

1、部件装配应在装配平台、装配架或专用设备上进行。装配平台和装配框架应有足够的强度和刚度，并应便于构件的装卸和定位。应在装配平台或装配架上画出构件的中心线、终点位置线、轮廓线和标高线。

2、零部件的装配间隙应符合设计或工艺文件的要求。当设计或工艺文件没有规定时，装配间隙一般不应大于1.0mm。组装焊接部件时，应预先设定焊接收缩量，并将焊接收缩量合理分配到各个部件上。对于重要或复杂的构件，应通过工艺试验确定焊接收缩量。

3、设计文件中规定起拱或施工时要求起拱的钢构件，装配时应按规定的起拱量进行起拱，并考虑工艺、焊接、自重等影响。起拱偏差不应大于构件长度的1%。 /2000，不允许刮擦。若设计不要求起拱，允许偏差为-5~10mm。

4、桁架结构杆件装配时，轴线交点的偏移量不应大于3mm。

5、吊车梁、吊车桁架组焊后不允许有偏斜。吊车梁下翼缘及重要受力构件受拉面应避开焊接夹具、临时定位板、临时连接板等。

6、拆卸临时工装夹具、临时定位板、临时连接板等时，严禁使用锤子敲击。应使用氧-乙炔火焰在距离部件表面 3 至 5 毫米的位置进行切割。剩余焊痕应打磨光滑，不损伤母材。

3、端部：构件端部的加工应在构件组装、焊接完成并检验合格后进行。零件的端面铣削可以用立铣床进行加工。端铣有利于部件的安装精度，提高焊接质量。

零件的端铣应符合下列要求：

(1)端铣量应根据工艺要求预先确定，铣削量不应小于5mm；

(2)铣削平面的平整度、垂直度应按设计文件和国家现行规范《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB 50205的要求进行控制。

零件端铣后，75%以上的接触面应紧密接触。用0.3mm塞尺检查插入面积应小于25%，最大边缘间隙不应大于0.8mm。

端面铣床加工

3.4校正：钢构件装配、焊接过程中，因吊装碰撞、焊接热变形等原因使构件变形，应重新对构件进行校正。

钢构件形状修正时，宜采用先整体后局部、先主件后次件、先下件后上件的顺序。焊接H型厚板构件的截面校正采用千斤顶进行，并进行火焰校正。

5、预装配：

1、预装配场地应平整、坚实。应验算预装临时支撑结构的强度和刚度。每个支撑点的精度可以使用计量检测仪器逐点测量和调整。

2 预装配可根据结构形式，采用单一预装配、平面预装配和三维预装配；也可以根据结构组成，采用整体预装配和局部预装配。钢构件应在自由状态下预组装，不得强行固定。

3、钢构件应根据现场布置尺寸进行预组装和吊装。场地布置应符合下列要求：

(1)放样尺寸应包括施工细节控制尺寸、要求的弯度值、焊接接头的焊接收缩余量及其他要求的控制尺寸；

(2)场地布置应与预装配的垂直投影相对应，并应包括杆件中心线和管片端面基准线；

（三）放样点、线应有明显标志；

(4)预装前应检查场地布置尺寸。

按放样图吊装、拼装

4. 使用螺栓节点连接器，必要时在预组装和定位后钻孔。

5、多层板采用高强螺栓或普通螺栓连接时，宜用不少于总螺栓孔数的10%进行定位，然后用临时螺栓紧固。一组孔中临时螺栓的数量不应少于螺栓孔数量的20%，且不应少于2个；试装时应将板材粘合紧密。螺栓孔应用孔检测仪检查，并应符合下列要求：

(1)采用比公称孔径小1.0mm的孔检测器检验时，每组孔的合格率应不低于85%；

(2)采用比螺栓公称直径大0.3mm的孔仪进行检验时，合格率应为100%。

6、预装部件采用摩擦面连接时，应检查摩擦面连接处板间的紧密程度。检查方法是将塞尺插入距板材边缘20mm深度，测量板材之间的间隙。当满足下列要求之一时，视为合格：

(1)所有间隙小于0.2mm；

(2)当存在0.2mm～0.3mm的局部间隙时，其长度不应超过板边总长度的10%；其它间隙应小于0.2mm；

(3)当某些部位存在0.3mm～1mm间隙时，其长度不应超过板边总长度的5%。

4、三检制度

1自检

各工艺组对自己加工的零件进行自检并记录。零件应按项目名称、编号统一、合理堆放。应测量并记录部件的长度、横截面尺寸和孔距。装配过程还应检查部件装配的完整性，看看是否有缺件、缺件等不完整的零件。

2 交接检验

各工序在零部件交接时应进行交接检查，检查上一道工序提供的零部件是否能满足本工序的加工要求。主要检查零件的尺寸、数量和数量，零件的长度、截面尺寸和孔距。焊接过程中，检查前道工序提供的部件坡口形式和坡口清洁情况。打磨过程中，检查部件是否有漏焊、缺焊的情况。

3专项检查

专职质量人员将对各工艺班组的零部件进行检查，核实自检记录中的相关数据，对加工过程中出现的质量问题提出整改建议。检验合格后，进入下一道工序。如果检验过程中同一质量问题出现过于频繁，应及时查找原因并与技术部门沟通，改进处理工艺。

4个部件出厂

构件出厂前，对已建成的构件数量、构件尺寸、构件整体状况进行再次检查，核对构件数量并填写施工交库单，技术部提供构件证书。发出的文件应由运输司机签署。

5 加工检验批质量验收标准

焊接人员1名

焊工必须通过考试并取得证书。持证焊工必须在其考试资格和批准的范围内进行焊接。工程焊接前应对焊接人员进行技术交底。对于重要的焊接岗位，可以进行焊接培训，选拔合格人员进行焊接。该项目制定了进入现场的焊接人员名册，收集焊接人员胸牌的扫描件并进行检查。

2 焊接工艺

2.1 生产中应采用首次使用的钢材、焊接材料、焊接方法、接头形式、焊接位置、焊后热处理制度、焊接工艺参数、预热和后加热措施等参数的组合以及钢结构构件的安装。之前应进行焊接工艺评定。焊接工艺评定报告合格后方可实施本项目焊接工程。焊接工艺评定应由具有相应资质的机构进行。除向评定机构提供的焊接试件外，还应提供原材料和焊接材料的材质清单、实际焊工的焊工手册复印件以及焊接时选择的焊接参数。 。

2 基材准备

待焊母材表面及两侧应均匀、光滑，不得有毛刺、裂纹及其他影响焊缝质量的缺陷。

待焊表面及距焊缝坡口边缘30mm以内，不得有氧化皮、铁锈、油脂、水份及其他影响正常焊接和焊接质量的杂质。

可采用机械加工、热切割、碳弧气刨、气刨或磨削等方法对母材焊接接头坡口进行加工或去除缺陷。

采用机械方法加工沟槽时，表面不应有台阶。采用热切割方法加工的坡口表面质量应符合现行国家标准《热切割和气切割质量及尺寸偏差》ZBJ-59002.3的相应规定；当材料厚度小于或等于100mm时，最大切割深度为0.2mm；材料厚度大于100mm时，最大切削深度为0.3mm。

文章中规定的切削深度，以及良好坡口表面偶尔出现的切屑和凹槽，应通过机械加工和磨削去除。

3焊接材料要求

焊接材料熔敷金属的力学性能不应低于相应母材标准的下限或满足设计文件的要求。

焊接材料应存放在干燥、通风良好的地方，由专人保管、干燥、发放和回收，并有详细记录。焊条的贮存和干燥应符合下列要求：

(1)存放酸性焊条时应采取防潮措施。受潮的焊条使用前应在100℃~150℃下干燥1h~2h。

(2)低氢焊条使用前应在300℃～430℃下干燥1.0h～2h，或按制造厂提供的焊条使用说明书进行干燥。放置焊条时烘箱的温度不应超过最终干燥温度的一半。干燥时间在烘箱达到最终干燥温度后开始计算；干燥后的低氢焊条应放入温度不低于120℃的保温箱内。存放并等待使用；使用时应放入绝缘筒内，根据需要取出；焊条干燥后不应在大气中放置超过4小时。用于Ⅲ、Ⅳ型结构钢的焊条应干燥后置于大气中。放置时间不应超过2h。重新干燥不应发生超过一次。

助焊剂应满足以下要求：使用前应在制造商推荐的温度下烘烤；严禁使用潮湿或结块的助焊剂； III、IV型结构钢所用焊剂在大气中放置时间不应超过4h。

存放螺柱焊瓷环时应采取防潮措施。湿焊瓷环使用前应在120℃~150℃下干燥1h~2h。

4、焊接接头

1 根据设计文件和详细图纸确定构件的焊接接头形式，以满足焊接要求。焊接接头的坡口精度和装配精度是保证焊接质量的重要条件。超过规定公差的坡口角度、钝边尺寸、间隙会影响焊接施工操作，影响焊缝内部焊接质量和接头质量，同时造成焊接收缩应力过大并且容易出现延迟裂纹。

2、严禁用焊条头、铁块等杂物填充接头间隙。

3、当坡口装配间隙超过表7.3.1规定的允许偏差但不大于较薄板厚度的2倍或20mm（取较小值）时，可进行一侧或两侧堆焊使沟槽达到规定的坡度。口尺寸要求。

2.4.4 T形接头的角焊缝和部分焊透焊缝连接的零件应尽可能靠近，两零件的根部间隙不应超过5mm；当间隙超过5mm时，应对板端面进行堆焊修复。打磨光滑，使间隙符合要求。当T形接头角焊缝连接构件根部间隙大于1.5mm且小于5mm时，角焊缝焊脚尺寸应按根部间隙值增加。

5、定位焊接

位置焊接必须由持有相应证书的焊工进行，所用焊接材料应与正式焊缝相同。

定位焊缝厚度不应小于3mm。对于厚度大于6mm的正式焊缝，定位焊缝的厚度不应超过正式焊缝厚度的2/3。定位焊缝长度应不小于40mm，定位焊缝间距应为300mm～600mm。

钢垫片焊接接头的点焊应焊接在接头坡口内；点焊时的预热温度应比正式焊接预热温度高20℃~。

50℃；定位焊缝与正式焊缝应具有相同的焊接工艺和焊接质量要求；点焊缝如有裂纹、气孔、夹渣等缺陷，必须彻底清除。

对于需要疲劳验证的动载结构，应制定特殊的点焊工艺文件。

点焊示意图 点焊实施示意图 点焊实施示意图 点焊实施示意图

六、焊接环境要求

焊条电弧焊和自保护药芯焊丝电弧焊，焊接工作区域最大风速不应超过8m/s，气体保护电弧焊不应超过2m/s。否则，应采取有效措施，保证焊接电弧区域不受影响。

在下列条件下进行焊接操作时，严禁进行焊接：

(1)焊接工作区域相对湿度大于90%；

(2)焊件表面潮湿或受雨、冰、雪侵袭；

(3)焊接作业条件不符合国家有关标准要求时。

当焊接环境温度低于0℃但不低于-10℃时，应采取加热或防护措施，保证焊接接头及焊接面各个方向

大于或等于2倍钢板厚度且不小于100mm范围内的母材温度不应低于20℃或其最低预热温度（以较高者为准），且不低于20℃。焊接过程中温度应低于此温度。

当焊接环境温度低于-10℃时，必须进行相应焊接环境下的工艺评定试验。合格后方可进行焊接。否则严禁焊接。

7、预热及道间温度控制

1焊接预热可以减缓焊后冷却速度，有利于焊缝金属中扩散氢的逸出，避免氢致裂纹；可以减少焊接应力；它可以减少焊接结构的约束，防止裂纹。焊前预热温度按下表选择：

2 焊接过程中，最低层间温度不应低于预热温度；焊接静载结构时，最高道间温度不应超过250℃；焊接周期性载荷结构和调质钢时，最高层间温度不应超过230℃。 ℃。

3 预热和道间温度控制应符合下列要求：

(1)焊前预热和保持道间温度应采用电加热、火焰加热、红外加热等加热方式，并用专用测温仪器测量；

(2)预热加热区应在焊缝坡口两侧，宽度应大于焊件待焊处板厚的1.5倍，且不小于100mm；预热温度应在焊件受热表面的背面测量。电弧通过前测量点距焊点各个方向应不小于75mm；使用火焰加热器预热时，应在火焰离开后进行正面测温。

8、焊接变形的控制

1 当组装和连接部件或复合部件时，以及当将部件焊接到部件时，所使用的工艺和顺序应尽量减少最终部件的变形和收缩。

2 根据构件上焊缝的布置，可按下列要求采用合理的焊接顺序，控制变形：

(1)对接接头、T形接头、十字接头在工件放置条件允许或易于翻转时应采用两侧对称焊接；截面对称的构件应绕构件中性轴对称焊接；有对称连杆零件的节点应相对于节点轴线对称，同时对称焊接；

(2)非对称双面坡口焊缝应先焊深坡口侧，再焊浅坡口侧，最后完成深坡口侧焊接。对于特厚板，应增加对称焊接的循环次数；

(3)对于长焊缝，宜采用分段拆焊法或与多人对称焊接法同时使用；

(4)应采用跳焊方法，避免工件局部热量集中。

3。组装和焊接组件时，应首先焊接具有较大收缩的接头，然后应焊接带有较小收缩的关节。关节应以尽可能少的约束焊接。

4。对于预期具有较大收缩或角变形的关节，可以计算估计的焊接收缩和角变形的值，并且可以通过保留焊接收缩率或预设反向变形法来控制收缩和变形。在正式焊接之前。

5。对于复合组件的每个组件，应在将组件焊接到其他组件之前完成剪接；由多个组件组成的复合组件应在部分组成和焊接，并应在最终组装焊接之前单独校正变形，以减少组件变形。

6。对于具有特殊形状的横截面的组件，其焊缝分布显然是不对称的，相对于组件的中性轴，如果满足了设计计算要求，则增加或减少填充焊缝面积或降低的方法补偿加热方法可用于使组分热平衡以减少组件变形

9。弧罢工板，铅板和垫圈

1。电弧启动板，铅板和钢板的钢材材料的屈服强度不得大于要焊接的钢的标称强度。电极启动板和电极电弧焊接和气体屏蔽电弧焊接的长度应大于25mm，并且用于淹没的弧焊接的弧启动板和铅板的长度应大于80mm。设置ARC启动板和铅外板的目的是允许焊接缺陷，例如在电弧启动过程中焊接不足引起的焊接裂纹，以及焊接的收缩孔和由电弧熄灭引起的裂缝，以保留在非正式的焊缝上，因此不影响正式应力焊接。焊接质量。

2。应通过火焰切割，碳弧形旋转或机械方法去除弧线的启动板和铅外板。碱金属不应损坏，切割边缘应接地以使焊缝端光滑。严格禁止通过锤击去除弧线启动的板和铅板。

3使用钢衬里时，应满足以下要求：

确保钢衬里与焊接金属充分融合；钢衬里应在整个焊缝长度上连续；钢衬里应足够厚，以防止燃烧。对于电极弧形焊接，气体屏蔽弧焊接和磁通型线电弧焊接，背部板的厚度应不少于4mm；对于淹没的电弧焊接，背板的厚度应不少于6mm；用于电磁焊接。衬板的厚度不应小于25mm；钢制衬里应与接头的碱金属很好地搭配，并且间隙不应大于1.5mm。

10焊缝根清洁

渗透焊缝的根清洁应从反向进行，并且根清洁后的凹槽应形成不少于10°的U形凹槽。

碳弧旋转应符合以下要求：

（1）碳弧gougers的技能应满足根清洁操作的技术要求；

（2）凹槽表面应光滑干净，没有碳包含物，炉渣等；

（3）在III型和IV型钢的碳弧形旋转后，淬火和钢化钢应用研磨的轮将旋转的表面抛光，以去除碳化和硬化的层和残留的炉渣。

11后焊接热处理

1后焊接氢除热处理

消除氢处理的加热温度应为250°C〜350°C。固定时间应根据工件的厚度确定，并且每25mm的板厚度应不少于0.5h，并且总保持时间不应小于1H。到达保持时间后，应将其缓慢冷却至正常温度。

2后焊后压力缓解治疗

焊后热处理应符合当前行业标准的相关规定“碳钢和低合金钢焊接组件的焊后热处理方法” JB/T 6046。在焊接组件上，应满足以下要求：

（1）使用配备有自动温度控制器的加热设备，其加热，温度测量和温度控制性能应满足使用要求；

（2）组件焊缝每一侧的加热板（条）的宽度至少应是钢板厚度的3倍，并且不应小于200mm；

（3）除加热板（皮带）以外的其他组件的两侧都应用绝缘材料覆盖。

12电磁焊接

1冷却块或衬里块和电磁焊接导管应满足焊接质量要求。

2。在使用熔融喷嘴进行电磁焊接时，应防止熔化喷嘴上的涂层弄湿并掉落。使用前，潮湿的喷嘴应在120杯前烘烤约1.5小时。熔化喷嘴上的涂层应剥落，生锈和油腻。不允许使用。

3。电磁焊接中使用的铜弧点火块的长度不应小于100mm，并且ARC点火凹槽的深度不应小于50mm。 ARC点火凹槽的横截面面积应与正式电磁焊接接头的横截面区域一致。在块底部添加适当的断焊丝（υ1mm³1mm），以促进弧线启动。

4。用于电磁焊接的焊丝应控制S和P含量，并且还应具有较高的脱氧元素。

3焊接检查

3.1 一般规定

3.1.1焊接检查的一般程序包括焊接前检查，焊接期间检查和焊接后检查。

（1）焊接前检查

1）根据设计文件的要求以及相关法规和标准，确认项目中使用的钢和焊接材料的规格，材料，外观和质量认证文件；

2）焊工证书和批准范围；

3）焊接过程技术文档和操作程序；

4）斜面形式，尺寸和表面质量；

5）组件后组件的形状，位置，未对准，角变形，间隙等；

6）焊接环境，焊接设备等；

7）定位​​焊缝的尺寸和质量；

8）干燥，保存和使用焊接材料；

9）弧启动板，铅板和衬板的组装质量。

（2）焊接期间检查

1）焊接过程参数：电流，电压，焊接速度，预热温度，层间温度，次要温度和时间等；

2）在多层和多通焊接中处理珠子缺陷；

3）对于使用双面焊接和根清洁的焊接，应在清洁根清洁后进行视觉检查和规定的非破坏性测试；

4）在多层和多通焊接中，焊接层和焊接通道的布局和焊接顺序。

（3）焊后检查主要包括：

1）检查焊缝的外观质量和尺寸；

2）焊缝的非破坏性测试；

3）确认焊接程序记录和检查报告。

3.2外观检查

3.2.1检查标准的焊接质量的结构质量带有静态负载

（1）其外观尺寸应符合下表中的要求

（2）对于组合的屁股和圆角焊缝，钢筋焊缝的大小不应小于T/4，不应大于10mm。

3.2.2焊接质量检查标准需要疲劳验证

（1）焊缝的外观质量应没有裂缝，未插入，凹槽夹杂物和未填充的弧形火山口，应遵守下表

3.3超声波无损测试

3.3.1检查标准的焊接质量的结构质量带有静态负载

（1）通过外观检查后应进行非破坏性测试。当Q390级钢的厚度或更高的钢板大于60mm时，应通过焊接完成。

24小时后的非破坏性测试结果应作为接受的基础；当钢的标称屈服强度不少于690MPa或供应状态处于淬火和钢化状态时，焊接完成后48小时后的非破坏性测试结果应作为接受的基础。

（2）对于旨在完全渗透的焊缝，内部缺陷的检测应符合以下要求：

1）应检查一级焊缝，其资格水平不应低于B级检查的II级要求；

2）应随机检查次级焊缝，随机检查的比例不应小于20％，其资格级别不应低于B级检查的III级要求。

3.3.2焊接质量检查标准的结构需要疲劳验证

（1）通过视觉检查后应进行非破坏性测试。当钢级为Q370或以下并且焊接厚度小于60mm时，焊接完成后24小时的检查结果应作为接受的基础。当钢级Q390或更高和焊接钢板的厚度大于60mm时，应将检查焊接后48小时的检查结果用作接受度；

（2）对于板厚度大于30mm的对接焊缝，除了根据“钢结构焊接代码”的第8.3.4条（GB 50661-2011）的超声测试外，关节的数量应增加10％对于焊接接头，不少于1，在测试过程中应进行质量不少于1级的超声测试。

接缝钢筋应平坦，所使用的探针的折射角应为45°，并且焊缝两端的缺陷检测范围应为500mm。当焊接长度大于1500mm时，中间应探测另外的500mm。当发现超过标准的缺陷时，检查应加倍；

4缺陷维修

1。当焊接金属或碱金属中的缺陷超过相应的质量验收标准时，可以使用磨削轮，碳弧形旋转，铲或机械来完全去除它们。在返工焊接之前，应清洁维修区域的表面。焊接尺寸不足，底切和未填充的弧形陨石坑等缺陷应通过焊接来修复。

2。对于不合格的焊接缺陷，应根据原始检查方法和质量标准对修复或重新焊接的焊缝进行检查和接受。底切缺陷通过焊接修复。内部缺陷被碳弧形挖出来清除缺陷的焊接肉并重新焊接。

3。应根据以下要求进行维修：

焊接结节，凸起或增强件太大：使用磨齿轮或碳弧形挖出来去除多余的焊接金属；

焊缝凹痕或陨石坑，焊缝尺寸不足，底切，缺乏融合，焊缝或炉渣夹杂物等，应在完全清除缺陷后修复；

对于焊缝或碱金属中的裂纹，应使用磁性颗粒，穿透或其他非破坏性测试方法来确定裂纹的范围和深度。用研磨轮或碳弧形磨碎应用于去除裂缝和完整的焊缝或倒数金属，每端的长度为50mm，然后修剪它们。在从表面上取出旋转碳化层后，使用渗透或磁性颗粒检查方法来确定裂纹是否已完全去除，然后再次进行修复焊接。为了修复具有高度约束的焊接接头上的焊缝或碱金属的裂纹，在通过碳弧形挖出裂纹之前，建议在裂缝两端钻裂纹的缓解孔，然后去除裂纹缺陷；

4。在相同条件下，应比正常焊接的预热温度高30至50°C的预热温度应高30至50°C，并且应使用低氢焊接方法和焊接材料进行焊接；

修复的零件应连续焊接。如果中断焊接，则应采取加热后的保存措施来防止裂缝。厚板的返工焊接应使用消除氢处理

为了维修焊接裂缝，应通知相关的焊接技术人员，以调查和分析裂缝的原因，并应根据过程要求制定和执行特殊的维修过程计划；

如果在两次维修后仍然不合格，则仅在所有者或监督工程师批准后才能制定并实施新的维修计划；

对于裂纹维修焊接，应作为项目接受和归档数据填写修复之前和之后的维修施工记录和非破坏性测试报告。

4个高强度螺栓

4.1文档检查：证书制造商提供质量担保证书

2外观检查：螺栓，坚果和垫圈的外表面应涂有油，以保护它们免受生锈和污垢的侵害，并且螺纹不应损坏。

3高强度螺栓重新测试：

重新测试扭转剪切型高强度螺栓连接对的支撑力

应从安装在施工现场安装的一批螺栓中随机选择用于重复使用的螺栓，并应从每批次中选择8套连接对进行重新测试；可以使用已测量和校准的轴向力计测试连接对的预算力。

测量仪器，例如电轴向力量测量值，液压轴向力测量值，电阻应变测量值和用于测试的扭矩扳手，应在测试前进行校准，并且它们的误差不得超过2％。

高强度大六角形头螺栓连接子 - torque系数重新测试

重新启动螺栓应在施工部位的螺栓螺栓中随机提取。每批应为8组连接场所选择重新检查。在测试之前，应校准用于连接子塔系数审查的测量仪器，并且误差不得超过2％。

每组连接侧向都应进行一次试验，不得重复使用。当垫旋转发生在紧密度中时，应更换连接代理，并应更换测试。

高强度螺栓连接摩擦表面的抗滑动系数测试

制造工厂和安装单元应使用钢结构制造批次作为反向速度系数检查的单位。根据该部门（子划分）项目的部门，制造批量可以视为每2000吨的批次，并且少于2000t可以被视为批量。当选择两个或两个或两个以上的表面处理过程时，应分别检查每个处理过程。每批三组测试零件。

4个安装措施

在插入高强度螺栓之前，用临时螺栓固定它，然后构造高强度螺栓。

高强度螺栓应自由渗透到螺纹孔中。严格禁止使用锤子强行输入或使用扳手迫使它们。一组高强度螺栓应沿相同的方向放入孔中，并应按下扳手下面的紧螺栓方向向下按下。

当钢框梁和柱接头是气孔镜连接和机翼焊接时，构造将首先进行，然后进行焊接。

高强度螺栓的收紧顺序从螺栓组的中间开始，扩展到周围环境，然后一一拧紧。

锁定临时固定螺栓后，确认组件的紧凑性，然后来回转动。

最初的扭曲后，使用专用的紧固件扳手锁定直到颈部缩回。

当天插入的螺栓在同一天完成。

最终扭曲的原理是：机翼边缘从关节的中心到末端，腹部从上到下都拧紧。

扭曲 - 高强度螺栓的初始扭曲和最终扭曲应每次都涂有相应的颜色或标记。

5钢结构安装过程：

5.1基础和支撑表面

地面脚螺栓的嵌入：首先，根据设计尺寸形成地面脚螺栓成组；根据设计大小制作“模板”，并标记轴位置。在混凝土模板中，将“模板”放在脚螺栓上，用良好的布置力，使用纬度和纬线仪以及级别的仪器来定位模板，然后使用焊接机用钢和钢和钢制固定地面脚螺栓混凝土模板。螺栓和混凝土模板的相对位置。

在安装之前，应检查位置轴，基本轴和高程以及地面脚螺栓，并应处理转移接受。当基本项目分批转移时，每个转移接受度不得小于一个安装单元的列基础基础，并且以下规定应合规：

（1）基本具体强度应满足设计要求；

（2）应在基础周围填充；

（3）基础的轴徽标和高程基准点应精确且完整。

当基本顶表面直接用作支柱的支撑表面时，基础基础的基础是基本的顶部表面作为支柱的支撑表面，支撑面和地面脚螺栓的允许偏差（锚螺栓）应满足下表的要求。

当钢柱脚由钢垫支撑时，应遵守以下规定：

（1）应根据由支柱脚影响的混凝土抗压强度，负载和接地螺栓（锚固螺栓）的紧密拉伸力确定钢垫的面积。

（2）应将垫子放在靠近地面螺栓（锚螺栓）下方或肢体下方的柱脚底板上。每个脚螺栓（锚螺栓）应配备1组侧面，每组垫子，每组垫子，每组垫子。不超过5件；

（3）垫子和基本表面和柱底部之间的接触应平坦且闭合；当采用斜垫时，其重叠长度不得小于垫的长度的2/3。

（4）应焊接混凝土前垫之间的焊接固定。

5.2组件接受

应在钢结构安装地点设置特殊的组件堆栈，并应采取保护措施，以防止组件变形和表面污染。

安装之前，根据组件表核检查几何大小。钢柱与梯子和吊坠捆绑在一起，以确保捡起钩子时工人的安全。

5.3单层钢结构安装过程流程图：

5.3.1组装起重机的顺序：

悬挂的组件可以分为：垂直组件抬起（柱，连接的梁，柱支撑，悬臂梁，支架等）和平坦的组件悬挂（车顶框架，盖子支撑，车顶压力板，制动梁等））在大多数结构中，首先提起垂直组件的两个主要类别，并取消了平面组件。

可以先安装高和低十字液的盖子，然后安装低跨度的安装，这有利于高和低跨度的垂直度。必须先安装较大的跨度和较小的跨度安装，然后首先安装较大的跨度，然后安装较小的跨度安装。

侧面和数量数量和次数之间的数量更多。

5.3.2钢柱安装：

钢柱安装方法：（钢柱安装方法中的均质组件接受方法）

5.3.3钢柱校正：

钢柱的校正工作通常包括三个方面：平面位置，钢柱的垂直度。

（1）垂直正确校正的垂直度差：根据初始校正，安装刚性梁时，有必要跟踪刚性柱的垂直性。当形成框架时，再次对其进行更正，并用电缆风绳或柱固定。

（2）列的高度调整顶部标准：调整列的高度时，首先校准柱主体处的基准点，然后使用水平观察差异的差异，然后调整螺母以调整螺母以调整海拔。当柱底板和圆柱底部的顶部表面大于50mm时，几个螺栓的功率不足时，可以适当添加它们以防止螺栓稳定。

（3）固定钢支柱

在安装过程中，将柱上的横线与横线结合，确定柱的位置，然后扭转地面脚螺栓。竞标进行校正后，使用垫子将其固定并拧紧脚螺栓。在两轴线校正的垂直度之后，使用校正柱来满足要求，用加固板和钢垫和底板焊接支柱，并用双螺母固定螺栓。

5.3.4钢梁安装：

（1）钢梁的抬起

钢梁通常绑起来两个点。重量大的光束用工具式悬挂耳朵悬挂在梁的中央。

（2）安装钢梁

1）钢梁的安装必须固定在钢柱中，并且柱之间的支撑已完成。

2）在液体悬挂之前安装起重机梁，您可以使用各种起重机。如果盖子已抬起，则抬起短壁板。如果没有重型机器，则可以将其安装在屋顶梁的侧面，并用倒链安装支柱的顶部。

3）钢梁应在安装位置附近布置，以使重心中心针对安装中心，并从一端到另一端或从中间到两侧进行安装。起重机梁的中心线与支撑表面的中心线对齐，然后慢慢掉落。如果有偏差，请稍微挂断，然后使用撬棍指导正确的位置。

（3）校正钢梁

1）正确的内容包括中央线位置，轴间距，高程垂直性等。在该位置到位时已校正垂直位移，因此校正只是水平位移。

2）校正钢梁的高程可以放在植物中间的起重机梁或地面上的起重机或地面上，并在柱子上测量一定的高度水平点。所需的高度，根据测量高度校正每个光束的两端和跨米中位置。

校正后，使用撬棍撬起或将链条悬挂在弦框的末端节点上，以悬挂钢梁以悬挂钢梁的一端。在校正高钢梁标准时，垂直度是用钢梁两端的尺子或钢丝锤测量的。当偏差超过规范范围时，楔形钢板在一侧被校正。

3）沿水平方向移动校园，使用撬棍，钢楔和链葫芦水平移动钢梁。

4）当钢梁和钢梁之间的钢梁的中心线首先在钢梁轨道的地面末端，根据圆柱轴释放起重机梁轨道轴，使用两个轴的距离钢制标尺，然后使用纬度和纬线将线，电线，钢丝方法（例如悬挂锤子或两端拉动钢）放置。如果存在偏差，请使用撬棍使阳性或将螺栓的螺栓固定在梁的末端，液压千斤顶的顶部的侧面，或将钢梁悬挂在柱头链上，并使用撬棍动员权利。

（4）钢梁的固定：

校正钢梁后，进行高强度的螺栓构建和焊接固定。

5.3.5钢ROAS安装：

（1）钢铁吊死

钢铁架的一侧很差。当屋顶框架的强度不足时，您可以使用增加悬挂点的位置或添加铁扁平的方法进行加固。抬起钢屋顶时应注意注意事项：

1）当绑定装订时，必须将其绑在屋顶节点上，以防止钢屋顶框架在悬挂点变形。领带的选择必须满足技术限制要求。

2）屋顶框架的重心必须位于内部悬挂点的连接下，否则可以防止储罐倾倒；外部悬架点的选择可以使屋顶的下游处于被拉动状态。

3）当屋顶从地面50厘米处抬起时，必须进行全面的检查。检查不正确后，必须继续安装。

4）安装第一个屋顶框架时，在松开钓鱼钩之前，应进行初步校正，以便将屋顶梁底部的中心线放在定位轴的位置上，调整屋顶梁，检查屋顶框架的侧面弯曲。

5）在将第二个屋顶框架抬起后，请勿松开钩子，用第一个屋顶框架暂时修复它，遵循安装支撑系统和一部分条，最后纠正整个。

6）从第三个屋顶框架开始，屋顶可以固定在山脊点和上弦的中间点，屋顶框架可以正确。抬起车顶架时，应严格地定位和焊接屋顶的两端的位置标记，并暂时固定它们。

（2）校正钢屋顶：

1）钢制架的校正采用了屋顶框架上弦线的垂直方法。当屋顶和两个末端的绳子用三个尺子夹住时。当三手尺的长度处于相同的长度时，校正了侧屋顶梁的垂直度。

2）钢制房屋框架运行后，拧紧房屋两端两端的两端的螺栓，以及房屋两端两端的螺栓。

5.3.6屋顶（墙）檩带安装：

在安装之前，将处理组件变形时的组件，并且将处理超过允许偏差的缺陷。清理了组件表面上的油污染，沉积物和其他碎屑。屋顶和墙壁的杆均匀抬起，空气散布以进行安装。安装相同的跨度后，必须检测到檩杆的斜率，这必须与设计屋顶的坡度一致。条形的直线必须在允许的偏差范围内控制，并且必须调整额外的差异。

5.4.1多重，高层钢结构安装过程流程图：

2钢结构悬挂秩：

多层和高层钢结构通常需要分为悬挂操作的区域。钢结构悬挂在同一时间以平行序列进行。抬起区域时，进行测量，校正和高强度螺栓。安装多个区域后，整体测量，校正和高强度螺栓将被敲定并焊接。焊接后，焊接后，抬起钢柱的下一部分。并根据现场的实际情况进行悬挂的钢板悬挂和部分铺设工作。

3钢柱的悬挂：

（1）第1节钢柱悬挂

1）挂点设置

悬挂点的位置和悬挂点的数量是根据钢柱的形状，末端表面，长度和起重机性能确定的。

2）启动方法

In the A multi -layer and high -rise steel structure engineering, the steel column generally uses a single machine to hang. For special or overweight components, a dual -machine lifting can also be adopted.

When B hangs up, the steel column must be vertical, so as to make rotation as much as possible, and the roots are not dragged. During the rotation process, you should pay attention to avoid collisions with other hanging components. The suspension should have a certain effective height. When hanging the first section of the steel column, a protective cover should be added to the embedded ground bolts to prevent the silk bolts of the ground bolt when the steel column is in place.

C first section of the steel column is installed on the column base. Before the steel column is installed, the climbing ladder and hanging basket should be hunted in the predetermined position of the steel column and the tie is firmly tied. 。

D must wait for the foot bolts to be fixed to loosen the cable.

3) Steel column correction

Steel column correction must do three tasks: high adjustment of column base, column base axis adjustment, and vertical correction of the column body.

A column base standard high adjustment

After putting down the steel column, use the nuts or elevation block under the bottom plate to control the elevation of the steel column (because some steel columns are too heavy, the bolts and nuts cannot withstand their weight, so the height adjustment block is required under the column bottom plate -steel plate adjustment must ) The accuracy can be controlled within ± 1mm. The gaps reserved under the bottom plate of the column can be filled with high strength, micro -expansion, and no shrinkage mortar should be twisted. When using a nut as the height of the column bottom plate, calculate the strength and stiffness of the ground feet bolt.

B adjustment of the bottom shaft of the first section

Method: When the crane is not loose, the four points on the bottom plate of the column and the control shaft of the steel column slowly land to the design elevation position slowly.

C Section 1 Pillar Body Vertical Correction

Adopt cable wind rope correction methods. Find the vertical latitude instrument with two 90 ° latitudes. In the process of correction, constantly fine -tuning the chils under the bottom plate until the correction is completed, and the two nuts on the bottom plate are twisted. The cable wind rope is not strong. The deviation, repeat the above process until it is not wrong, tighten the thread. Books on the ground foot bolt are generally used with double nuts. After the nut is tightened, the nut and screw can be welded.

D Section 2 steel column axis adjustment

In order to make the upper and lower columns not wrong, try to re -over the center line of the upper and lower columns. Each adjustment of the central line of the steel column is within 3mm range. If the deviation is too large, it should be adjusted by 2 to 3 times. The positioning axis of each steel column is absolutely not allowed to use the positioning axis of the next steel column. It should be led from the ground control line to high altitude to ensure that each steel column is installed correctly without errors, and to avoid excessive accumulation errors.

E Vertical Correction of Steel Pillar in Section 2

The focus of the vertical correction of steel columns is pre -inspection of steel columns. The vertical deviation of the pillar top of the lower steel column is the synthesis of the bottom axis, displacement, welding deformation, sunshine effect, vertical correction, and elastic deformation of the bottom axis of the upper steel column. Partial errors can be eliminated by reserved vertical deviation.前

When the retention value is greater than the accumulated deviation of the lower column, only the cumulative deviation value is reserved, and the reserved value is reserved, and the direction and the deviation direction are opposite.

Adjustment of F -steel column elevation

After each steel column is installed, a height measurement is performed on the top of the column. When the elevation error exceeds 6mm, it needs to be adjusted. Multi -carbon steel plate pads are used to specify the specification requirements. If the error is too large (greater than 20mm), it is not advisable to adjust at one time. You can adjust the part first and adjust it in the next time, otherwise you will adjust the installation of the support and the surface elevation of the steel beam. The elevation of the middle frame column should be slightly higher, because the steel framework is installed with a long working period, the structure of the structure is increasing, and the structure load of the middle column is large, and the larger the foundation falls.

5.4.3 Hanging of frame beams:

(1) Before the steel beam is lifted, check the elevation and the pillar spacing at the pillar beef leg, and install the handrail poles and handrail ropes on the beam to wait for the main beam to be lifted. To ensure the safety of construction personnel.

Generally, the hanging ears can be welded on the wing edge of the steel beam as a hanging point, and its location depends on the span of the steel beam. In order to speed up the lifting speed, the number of small beams with a small weight and other small beams is used to hang a number of roots once.

In order to reduce high -altitude operations, ensure the quality, and speed up the progress of the lifting, the beams and columns can be formed on the ground for overall lifting. When a steel frame is lifted, it is necessary to check and correct errors and beams that have been lifted. For correction methods, see the correction of the single -layer steel structure installation engineering column and beam.

Liang corrects it, fix it temporarily with high -strength bolts, and then column correction. After the beams and columns are righteous, the high -strength bolt is tightly connected, the welding column node and the beam node are tight, and the ultrasonic seam test is performed.

5.4.4 Large span space steel structure:

The steel structure of the large span space can be adopted according to the structural characteristics and on -site construction conditions. The high -altitude bulk method, the division and the segmentation of the lifting method, the sliding method, the unit or the overall improvement (top upgrade) method, the overall lifting method, the folding development type overall improvement method , Installation method such as high -altitude hanging installation method.

The division of the space structure lifting unit shall be determined according to factors such as structural characteristics, transportation methods, lifting equipment performance, and installation venue conditions.

(1) High -altitude bulk method

All rods and nodes (or small units) of the structure are called the overall installation method as a high -altitude bulk method directly at the high -altitude design location. The high -altitude bulk method is divided into two types: full bracket method (that is, Manchitang scaffold) and cantilever. The full branches are mostly used for loose assembly, while the cantilee is mostly used for small -scale units at high altitude. The construction method does not require large -scale lifting equipment, but the number of on -site and high -altitude operations is large, and a large amount of bracket materials and equipment are required.

The high -altitude bulk method is suitable for various types of grids, mesh or truss of non -welded connection. One of the key technical issues of assembly is the coordinate control of each node.

(2)

The division and division of the lift method, also known as the small film lifting method, refers to the structure of the structure from the plane into several strips or block -shaped units. The crane is lifted to the high -altitude design location with a crane and the overall lifting method.

This method is suitable for the structure that has changed its stiffness and stress after dividing into strips and blocks. The size of the partial or block should be determined according to the load capacity of the crane. Because mostly welded and assembled on the ground, fewer high -altitude operations are conducive to controlling quality, and they can save a lot of assembly brackets.

(3) Sliding method

The high -altitude sliding method refers to the method of sliding to the design position stitching on the sliding rails set on the sliding rail in advance. This strip unit can be hung to the bracket with a crane after the ground is split. In insufficient crane capacity or other cases, you can use small community or even scattered parts to strip -like units on the high -altitude assembly platform. High -altitude brackets are generally located in the section of the building, and the strip unit of the grid when it is slipped from one end to the other end.

(4) Overall improvement method

The overall upgrade method is to set the structure after the overall assembly is assembled, and the lifting equipment is set up above the structure.

This construction method uses small machines (such as lift machines, hydraulic sliding film jacks, etc.) to install large steel structures to reduce the cost of hanging. The second is to improve the ability of the equipment. When the improvement, the roof panel, waterproof layer, heating ventilation and electrical equipment can be improved on the ground, and then loaded to the design elevation, which greatly saves construction costs.

(5) The overall lifting method

The overall lifting method refers to the method that the structure is always built on the ground, and it is lifted to the design elevation and fixed with a heavy device.

When installing the steel structure of the overall lifting method, you can dislocation with the pillar or fight off the field. This method is generally suitable for welding connecting the mesh. Therefore, the ground is always easy to ensure the accuracy of the welding quality and geometric size. The disadvantage is that large lifting equipment is required, and the land endurance requirements are high, and it will also affect the construction of civil construction.

(6) Folding the overall improvement method

The basic idea of ​​folding the overall upgrade method is to remove a small amount of rods from the mesh structure, divide the structure into several areas, and set a certain amount of motion hinge point to turn the structure into a mechanism. Attacking near the ground, and then using a hydraulic improvement equipment, through the computer synchronization control, the structure is raised to the design height, and then the lack of rods is supplemented to make the mechanism a stable structural state. This method can save a lot of scaffolding, avoid high -altitude operations, and ensure the safety of construction personnel. Suitable for a large mesh structure, which has obvious economic and social benefits.

The construction of a cable (prestressed) structure should comply with the following regulations:

1) Pre -construction reports, factory reports to the steel cables, anchors and spare parts, product quality assurance reports, test reports, and cable length, diameter, variety, specifications, color, quantity, etc. Stress construction;

2) Before the construction of the cable (prestressed) structure, the structure analysis of the construction phase should be performed in the entire process of construction, and the order of the tension should be determined based on the analysis results, and a special plan for the construction (prestressed) construction is determined;

3) Before the construction of the cable (prestressed) structure, the steel structure split item should be performed. After the acceptance is passed, the pre -stirring can be performed;

4) The tension (prestressed) tensor should meet the principles of stages, classification, symmetry, slow speed, and synchronous loading, and to determine the requirements of super tension according to the characteristics of the structure and material;

5) Coffee (prestressed) structure should be monitored in cable and structural deformation, and monitoring reports should be formed. The construction of large span space steel structures should analyze the impact of environmental changes on the structure.

6 pressure metal board:

Construction preparation

Main materials, semi -finished products and quality requirements:

(1) The pressure -type metal plates (single, composite plate) to be installed shall meet the requirements of design and quality acceptance specifications, and there should be a quality certification document.

(2) Connecting materials (screws, rubber), corner plates, pan -water sages, anticorrosive sealing materials, pressure bars, seals and other materials should be exported by the connection materials (screws, rubber -ranging), packets, pan -corner plates, pan -water sages, pan -waterboards, anti -corrosion sealing materials, anti -corruption sealing materials, anti -corruption, and sealing. 。

(3) Before the installation of pressure metal plates, the main steel frame of the house has been installed and quality acceptance.

(4) Other auxiliary materials (doors, beds, spine tiles, ventilation ports, etc.) shall meet the design and national product standard requirements.

Main equipment and machinery: install manual tools, welded machines, light -shaped hanging and cables.

运行环境

(1) Check the materials in accordance with the materials of the materials and check the materials, and check the factory qualification certificate and related technical documents.

(2) Check whether the material is damaged, deforms, and paint, and repairs it in time.

Operation process and process control point

1 operation process

2 Installation Preparation

(1) Repeat the installation of all shafts, elevations, and record (when the error exceeds the error, propose a technical processing plan, and execute it after review and approval).

(2) Positioning of the installation line, door and window hole position line, clean up the steel frame and bars at the overlapping metal plate, and check whether the size and location meet the installation requirements. 。

(3) Check the stability of the machine, operating environment, and operating racks, and do a good job of safety protection.

3节

(1) When the pressure metal board is a single board:

1) The roof panel should be laid from the cornice to the roof ridge to meet the panels of the roof after the overlap length.

2) Pay the wall from top to bottom to meet the panels of the foot of the wall after the overlap length.

3) All vertical overlap directions should be connected in accordance with the local dominant wind direction.

(2) When a composite heating pressure metal plate, the docking should be used, and the joints should be squeezed and bonded. The direction is opposite to one -way board.

(3) In the event of the skylights, panels, doors, windows, etc.

4 drilling, connection, fixed

(1) The installation of pressure metal plates should be installed in segments in horizontal stripes. In the initial installation, a small amount of holes should be drilled and fixed with screws.

(2) After the installation of a unit (cross, room) is installed, it is fixed according to the requirements of the inspection to meet the requirements.

(3) A workload of a working class should be over at a complete unit and check whether the screws at the connection should be tight, and windproof measures should be taken before the wind.

5 Sealing anti -corrosion

(1) Sealing anticorrosion can be completed at the same time as the connection.

(2) The sealing strip should be checked accurately when installing to prevent unevenness and affect the use function.

(3) When the bonding plate is sealed, the glue should be evenly brushed, the bonding is flat, and the lines should be straight.

(4) The screw head is brushed with the same color paint when the paint is painted to keep the color consistent.

6 Check the acceptance and acceptance

(1) Check the fastening point of each connection to prevent leakage.

(2) Whether the complex of each door, window, and panel is firmly installed, and the size meets the requirements of the corresponding quality acceptance specifications.

(3) The installation flatness, overlapping length, joint sealing, and pressure bars of the pressure metal board meet the requirements.

7 process control point

(1) Control point: Installation preparation, segmented installation, segmented tailoring, drilling connection fixation, sealing anti -corrosion, inspection and acceptance, it should be constructed in accordance with this standard, who operates who should ensure the quality.

(2) Inspection point: Installation preparation, segmented tailoring, inspection and acceptance. The team's self -inspection should be qualified, and the inspection results can be used as a team of self -inspection.

(3) Stop point: Check the acceptance. After the team's self -inspection is qualified, the professional quality inspector is checked and evaluated, and the "Voltic Metal Plate Subcontments Project Inspection and Approval Record" is reported to the supervision and acceptance.

3 Quality Standards

1 main control project

(1) Voltic metal plates, pan -plate, and corner plates shall be fixed and reliable, firm and firm. The coating and sealing materials of anticorrosive coatings shall be intact. The number of connectors and spacing shall meet the design requirements and the current national relevant standards.

检查次数：全部检查。

Inspection method: Observe and check and measure.

(2) The pressure metal plate should be reliable on the supporting parts. The overlap length should meet the design requirements, and it is not less than the values ​​specified in the table below. Check quantity: 10%check according to the total length of the overlap, and should not be less than 10m.

Inspection method: Observe and check with a steel ruler.

(3) The length of the anchor branch of the mid -floor steel plate and the main structure (beam) should meet the design requirements, and should not be less than 50mm. The connection of the anchor part of the end should be reliable, and the setting position should meet the design requirements.

Quantity: 10%of the longitudinal length of the connection, and not less than 10m. Inspection method: Observe and check with a steel ruler.

2 general project

(1) The installation of the pressure metal plate should be flat and straight, and there should be no construction residues and dirt on the surface of the plate. The eaves and the lower end of the wall should be straight, and there should be no unsolvioing error drill holes.

Number of inspection: 10%inspection by area, and not less than 10 square meters.检查方法：观察、检查。

3 finished product protection

When the voltage metal plate is installed and unloaded, it should be carried out slowly to prevent collisions. The site requirements are flattened, and pads are set up.

The non -fixed part of the installation cannot be shaken. The surface of the damage should be adjusted and repaired.

7 painting

7.1 Surface treatment

7.1.1 When the component is coated with coating, the surface rust removal level can be treated in accordance with the design and national standards, and the mechanical rust removal and handmade rust removal methods can be treated.

2 Rough surface inch of the component can be selected according to different bottom coating and rust -removing levels according to table

3 The surface -treated steel surfaces should not be welded, welded scars, dust, oil, water, and burrs; for galvanized components, after pickling rust, the surface of the steel should be exposed, and there should be no stains, rust rust, rust, rust, and rust. Trace and residual acid liquid.

Paint anti -corruption coating

Painting anticorrosive coating can adopt the method of painting, hand -rolled coating, air spray hair and high -pressure airless spraying method;

The environmental temperature and relative humidity of the paint should meet the requirements of the coating product instructions. When the product manual is not required, the ambient temperature should be between 5-38 ° C and the relative humidity should not be greater than 85%. The surface of the component should not be exposed on the surface of the component; it should be protected from the rain within 4h after the paint; when the wind is more than 5 levels, it is not advisable to spray the operation outdoors;

4 The welds on the welding site on the construction site should be left on both sides of the welded area that is not painted temporarily, and it should meet the requirements of the table below;

5 The surface is coated with a factor -primer component. When the welding, flame correction, sun exposure, and abrasions are caused by re -corrosion or white zinc salt, the surface should be treated according to the original coating regulations;

6 The coating of the transportation and installation process is damaged, welded and burns, etc., the original coating regulations should be replenished;

Metal hot spray

(1) Steel structure metal thermal spraying method can be painted with gas spray or electric spraying;

(2) The compressed air that should be used in metal hot spray should be dry and clean;

(3) The spray gun should be right angle and the surface, the movement speed of the spray gun should be uniform, and the direction of the spray gun between the spray coatings should be vertically and cross the cover;

(4) The thickness of the one spray should be 15 μm ~ 80 μm, and the spray bands in the same layer should have a overlap width of 1/3;

(5) When the temperature of the atmospheric temperature is lower than 5 ° C or the surface temperature of the steel structure is lower than the dew point, the heat spray operation should be stopped:

Hot soaking galvanized anticorrosive

(1) The thermal dip galvanized mass of the surface unit area of ​​the component meets the requirements of the design document regulations;

(2) Bending or twisting deformation of the component caused by hot -dip galvanized galvanization should be corrected by mechanical methods such as delay pressure, rolling rolling or jack.

火

(1) The surface of the grass -roots level should not have dirt without oil, dust, and sediment, and the anti -rust layer should be complete and there is no leakage brush. The gaps at the connection of the component should be filled with fireproof coatings or other fireproof materials

(2) Thick coating fireproof coating, which is one of the following situations, should be set in the coating steel wire mesh or other corresponding measures:

一个。 Steel beam with impact and vibration load;

b. Steel beams and truss with a thickness of the coating greater than or equal to 40mm;

c. The coating bonding strength is less than or equal to 0.05MPa;

d. Steel beams with a height of steel walls and abdominal plates exceeding 1.5m.

(3) The construction of fire -resistant coatings can be used for spraying, applying or rolling coating.

(4) Fire -resistant coating coating construction shall be constructed in layers. After the upper coating is dry or solidified, the lower lane coating construction shall be performed.

(5) Thick coating fireproof coatings have one of the following situations, and should be re -applied or replenished:

一个。 The coating is dry and solidly, the bonding is not firm or the powder is excellent or shed;

b. The coating of the steel structure connector and the corner is obviously concave stuffing;

c. The thickness of the coating is less than 85%of the thickness of the design regulations;

d. The thickness of the coating does not reach the design regulations, and the continuous length of the coating exceeds 1m.

(6) The coating of thin coating fire -resistant coating surface layer shall comply with the following regulations:

一个。 The surface layer should start painting after drying the bottom layer;

b. The coating of the surface layer should be uniform and consistent, and the connection should be flat

8 preparatory acceptance

8.1 The construction of the overall steel structure of the project is based on the volume of the project. Some project managers organize relevant personnel to conduct internal pre -acceptance and inspection at the construction site and engineering data; check whether each construction item is qualified and form a preparatory receipt. The problem found that the problem is found to be rectified in a limited time, and the company level is reviewed to enter the formal acceptance procedure;

8.2 Acceptance of Steel Structure Sub -Section

The quality of construction projects shall be accepted in accordance with the following requirements:

(1) Engineering quality acceptance shall be carried out on the basis of the self -inspection of the construction unit;

(2) All parties participating in the quality acceptance of engineering construction shall have the corresponding qualifications;

(3) The quality of the inspection batch shall be accepted according to the main control project and general projects;

(4) Test blocks, test parts and materials involving structural security, energy saving, environmental protection and main use functions shall be witnessed at the time of entering or during construction;

(5) The construction unit shall notify the supervision unit for acceptance before concealment, and the acceptance documents shall be formed.

(6) The important segment project involving structural security, energy conservation, environmental protection and use functions shall be performed in accordance with regulations before acceptance;

(7) The quality of the project's perception shall be inspected by the inspection personnel and shall be confirmed together.

The test batch sample sample should be randomly extracted to meet the uniform distribution and representative requirements.

8.3 After the relevant participating units, after the acceptance is passed, the inspection record form is formed.